Demokrasi, Politik Identitas, dan Kohesi Sosial Peluang dan Tantangan Strategi Dakwah untuk Menghalau Provokasi Politik di Indonesia
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Abstract
This paper intends to discuss the latest problems in Indonesia due to identity politics, its potential solutions, and implications for preachers (and religious leaders in general) to reconcile the cracked social relations in Indonesia. Indonesia is recognized as one of the succeed transitional countries in the world. Even so, democracy in a pluralistic country like Indonesia is always potentially prone to conflict because of identity politics for, instead of unitingit is divided society. In current time, more people became more sensitive and easily provoked. How to understand this phenomenon? What solutions can be made to overcome them? This paper argues that democracy is the best political system owned by the Indonesian people. While recognizing that democracy inherently allows identity politics, this paper argues that identity politics must be managed in such a way as to strengthen the resilience of the people from the onslaught of provocation. This paper proposes social cohesion as a solution. Social cohesion contains four elements: structural involvement, involvement of associations, involvement of day-to-day activities, and symbolic or cultural involvement.
Tulisan ini hendak mendiskusikan berbagai persoalan mutakhir di Indonesia akibat politik identitas, jalan keluarnya, dan hal-hal yang mungkin dilakukan para mubaligh (dan tokoh agama pada umumnya) untuk merekatkan kembali hubungan sosial di masyarakat yang tengah retak. Demokrasi di Indonesia diakui sebagai satu dari sedikit negara yang mengalami transisi dan berhasil. Meski demikian, demokrasi di negara plural seperti Indonesia selalu berpotensi rawan konflik sebab politik identitas yang, alih-alih mempersatukan, ia malah memecah belah masyarakat. Belakangan situasinya berubah yang mana masyarakatsemakin sensitif dan mudah terprovokasi. Bagaimana memahami fenomena ini? Apa jalan keluar yang bisa diajukan untuk mengatasinya? Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa demokrasi adalah sistem politik terbaik yang dimiliki bangsa Indonesia. Seraya mengakui demokrasi secara inheren memungkinkan politik identitas, tulisan ini berpendapat bahwa politik identitas harus dikelola sedemikan rupa dengan salah satunya memperkuat daya tahan masyarakat dari gempuran provokasi. Tulisan ini mengusulkan kohesi sosial sebagai jalan keluarnya. Kohesi sosial tersebut mengandung empat unsur: Keterlibatan struktural, keterlibatan asosiasi, keterlibatan kegiatan sehari-hati, dan keterlibatan simbolik atau kebudayaan.
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